Smart Farming Robot Guide

📦 Parts You Need

🧠 Brain

Arduino Uno
USB cable
Breadboard

🛞 Movement

4× DC motors
4× Wheels
L298N motor driver
Robot chassis

📡 Sensors

Soil moisture sensor
Ultrasonic HC-SR04

💧 Water System

5V water pump
Relay module
Plastic tube
Water container

🔊 Pest Control

Buzzer
LED + 220Ω resistor

⚡ Power

Battery pack (6-12V)
Jumper wires

�️ Tools Required

🔧 Assembly

Screwdriver Set (Phillips & Flathead)
Wire Strippers / Cutters
Pliers

⚡ Electronics

Soldering Iron & Solder (Optional)
Multimeter
Electrical Tape

💻 Software & Misc

Laptop / Computer
Arduino IDE
Hot Glue Gun / Double-sided Tape
Zip Ties

�🔧 Robot Layout

╔══════════════════════════════════════╗ ║ FRONT OF ROBOT ║ ╠══════════════════════════════════════╣ ║ 💡LED 👁️ULTRASONIC 🔊BUZZER ║ ║ ║ ║ ┌──────────────────┐ ║ ║ │ 💧 WATER TANK │ ║ ║ │ + PUMP │ ║ ║ └──────────────────┘ ║ ║ ║ ║ ┌────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ║ ║ │ARDUINO │ │ L298N │ ║ ║ │ 🧠 │ │ MOTOR │ ║ ║ │ │ │ DRIVER │ ║ ║ └────────┘ └────────────┘ ║ ║ ║ ║ 🔌 RELAY MODULE ║ ║ ║ ║ 🪴 SOIL SENSOR ║ ║ (underneath) ║ ║ ║ ║ ┌──────────────────┐ ║ ║ │ 🔋 BATTERY PACK │ ║ ║ └──────────────────┘ ║ ║ ║ ║ 🛞 🛞 ║ ╠══════════════════════════════════════╣ ║ REAR OF ROBOT ║ ╚══════════════════════════════════════╝

🔌 Wiring Connections

Component	Arduino Pin	Notes
Motor Driver IN1	Pin 5	Left motor forward
Motor Driver IN2	Pin 6	Left motor backward
Motor Driver IN3	Pin 9	Right motor forward
Motor Driver IN4	Pin 10	Right motor backward
Ultrasonic TRIG	Pin 7	Sends sound pulse
Ultrasonic ECHO	Pin 8	Receives echo
Soil Sensor SIG	A0	Analog reading
Buzzer (+)	Pin 11	Pest alarm sound
LED (+)	Pin 12	Use 220Ω resistor!
Relay IN	Pin 4	Controls water pump
All VCC	5V	Power supply
All GND	GND	Ground/negative

📋 Build Steps

1

Build Base

Attach 4 motors to chassis, add wheels. Test that it rolls smoothly.

2

Motor Driver

Connect L298N outputs to motors. Connect IN1-IN4 to Arduino pins 5,6,9,10.

3

Mount Arduino

Secure Arduino on top. Keep USB port accessible for programming.

4

Add Sensors

Ultrasonic at front (pins 7,8). Soil sensor underneath (pin A0).

5

Pest Control

Connect buzzer (pin 11) and LED with resistor (pin 12).

6

Water System

Connect pump through relay (pin 4). Add water tank and tube.

7

Upload Code

Install Arduino IDE. Connect USB. Select board. Click Upload.

8

Test!

Test movement, sensors, watering, and pest alarm separately.

✅ Competition Checklist

🌍 UN Sustainable Development Goals

Our Smart Farming Robot supports these global goals:

🍽️ SDG 2: Zero Hunger

💧 SDG 6: Clean Water

🏭 SDG 9: Innovation

♻️ SDG 12: Responsible Use

🌡️ SDG 13: Climate Action